Transcript Start Edwards: For our start we're going to begin -- we're going to learn number one, just how to take the cover off. It's easier than you might think. With your calculator sitting on the table it has rubber feet that will hold it in place. Just put your hand on the lid and slide the lid towards you. You may have to press down a little bit, but it will slide right off. Now, here's the important thing. Now you get to pick your calculator up and slide the cover on the back [bell sound]. It will slide on from the bottom. You want to get it in. I'm going to let you practice this for just [inaudible speaker] tricky. That looks good. Do you know why we do that? So you don't have lost covers. It's not going to get shoved off your desk and then when it's time to quit, you know exactly where your cover is. It's just a good habit to take the cover off and slide it on the back. Okay. When you look at the [inaudible speaker] general orientation to it and if you just kind of run your hand along it from the top, a little bit up above the middle is a rectangular flat [inaudible speaker] part just like glass. It's probably some kind of glass. All right. Student: This? Edwards: Yes, that little rectangle, that is the screen, and when your math teacher comes along and wants to see how your work is progressing, that's what they're going to want to see, because, you know, the screen is there for folks who can see it and it shows all of the work that you have been doing. Now, if you start from the screen and move your hand down the calculator, every single thing you're touching from the screen down is a standard T-I-84 plus calculator. It's the same calculator that your classmates are going to be using and the beauty of that is, if you need any help your math teacher can help you with that part. Now, if you go back to the screen, and feel what's up above it, it's just a little short part. It's maybe about two inches tall, that part I'm going to call that the Orion unit and that's because it's the part that's been added to the T-I-84 to make it talk and to make it play sounds for us. So that's -- that's the accommodation part. That's the part that your classmates don't have, but from the screen and everything below it -- your calculator is just like theirs. All right. So I'm going to try to remember to talk about the Orion unit and then just the T-I or Texas Instruments calculator part, and that's going to be down at the bottom. Let's check out something else. Put your hand back where the screen is and immediately go up. Not even a quarter of an inch, there's a row of thin, little bitty buttons, there's five of them. We're really not going to work on those today, but those are graphing buttons and they will become very important to you very shortly. But today we're not going to be doing graphing. So I want you to know that these are there and that they relate to graphing. Okay. So now let's go below the graphing keys. Everything below that is what we are going to be looking at. The rest of this is your, I can almost say your basic scientific calculator except it does have a lot more useful features. If you kind of look at it analytically you might be able to say that there are five columns of keys and they're kind of arranged in nine rows, but the roles are not perfectly horizontal. They may get a little bit off, okay. Now, in order for me to have a way to tell you where the button is when we start talking about it, I'm going to be saying things like, well it's in the left column or it's in the first column. And I may be able to tell you which row it's in, but sometimes the rows are a little hard to count because they're not completely straight. If you start in the very top row, and this is the first row underneath -- mhmm -- underneath the graphing buttons themselves, you'll see that the row is very short. It only has three buttons in it and then what is that little cluster over on the right-hand side? All right. You see a series of, I would say it's four buttons arranged almost like petals on a flower except that the top and the bottom one are actually joined together in the middle. These are navigation keys, and they're navigation for moving the cursor of the calculator. And they work exactly like the arrow keys on a computer, the one that's kind of going vertically up, moves your cursor up, the one that's going down, moves your cursor down; and then you have left and you have a right. So that's going to be easy to understand. All right. Now, now we come to the fun part. Okay. [Laughs] One thing that everybody figures out very, very quickly is how do we turn it on. All right. That's easy. The "on" button is in the very left most column. It's down at the very, very, bottom and if you can see it, it actually says "on." So go ahead and push it on. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker]. Edwards: And the calculator is talking. That's a good sound because sometimes the calculator stops talking and that's not good. So at least we heard -- [Bell sound] we heard everybody's calculator say something. [Laughs] I don't know if we understood it, but we heard it. So "on" is easy to find, right? If I said the on button is in the bottom left corner, do you know what I mean by that? It's kind of in the corner, right? The corner of the keys sits all the way on the left and all the way at the bottom, so it's kind of on a corner of the keyboard. Turning it "off" is not quite so simple. I've had people tell me that they were able to turn the calculator on, but they couldn't figure out how to turn it off. Now aside from the fact that it will turn itself off after a while. If you can slide your finger up that column to the very top key in that column -- not the graphing keys, all right. I want to talk about something very complicated. Here's our "second" key on this calculator -- and it's already complicated. There are so many functions that this calculator can do, they can't give every one of them its own key. If they did, you would have to have three times as many keys and the keys or the buttons would have to be tiny or the calculator would have to be a lot bigger. They didn't want to do that, so their method is every key does more than one thing. Another way to say that is every key has more than one function. The first function is just what it says, like the first function of the on keys is turn the calculator on. That's not a surprise. But that very same button has a second function and that's to turn it off. But the only way you can let the calculator know that -- "I want to turn it off!" is this top key in the left-hand column -- is the second function key. And if you press that and then any other key on the keyboard, what you're going to tell the calculator you want is, "I don't want the first function of this key, I want the second one." All right? So the way that works, to turn it off, if you will press that top key -- the one that I'm going to call second function. Orion: Second function, second function. Edwards: And then go all the way back down to the corner at the bottom and press on [calculator makes sound] we get that doo-doo-do and it's off. Okay. On and off. You may not feel like that's a lot, but it's something. All right. Second function key. The second function key is also a corner key. There's a reason for that. Is to make them easy to find. So on is down at the bottom corner on the left, second function is the very top of the column also on the left. Let's turn it back on again. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker] home screen. Edwards: All right. We heard that in more than stereo. Was anyone able to hear that message? What did the calculator say? Student: It was telling us that it was "on" and that it was telling us it was on the "home screen." Edwards: Okay. It did. It's on, it mentioned home screen. Do you know what else it said? Part of what -- I mean it said a lot. If you like you can turn it off and back on again. It's telling you to press key three times to enter help mode. Help mode, that sounds good. I like help. Help mode simply -- when you enter help mode it means you can push buttons on the calculator all day and the key, the calculator will announce the name of the key, but it will not do anything with it. If you have an equation halfway entered, and you have to find the squared key, you can go up here [laughs] and push this second function button, one, two, three times and you will be in help mode. And then you can push keys all over your calculator and it will not mess up the equation and you're halfway through. It will just name them. So for instance, let me try it. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker]. Edwards: Okay. Help off. I'm just going to push some buttons. Student: So it's a very top key to the... left. Edwards: Yes, the very top one. You press it three times. Orion: X to the power of 2. Enter value, then press key. Edwards: Looky there, I found the square key. All right. Go ahead. Do that, press your second function button three times very quickly. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker]. Press key three times to exit help mode. Edwards: It's -- it's also telling you to press this key three times to exit help mode. All right. Does everybody have help mode on? Students: Yes. Edwards: Press a few keys. In fact, I would say let's go straight down that first column and let's see if you can find X squared. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker]. Student: [Laughs]. Edwards: All right. Did anybody find X squared? Student: No. Edwards: Have you got it Taj? X to the power of 2, I think. Orion: X to the power of 2. Enter value then press key. Edwards: Okay. Now, just go down and try it again. You can find it. [Laughs] It's in there. Orion: X to the power of 2. Enter value then press key. Student: Ahh. Edwards: That's it. The language for it is not X squared, but X to the power of two. Student: It should say X squared. Edwards: So let's make sure you're in help mode. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker]. Edwards: Yes, you were. Okay. So if you just go straight down that column and listen really hard you'll find it. You got it. All right. And it's not that I expect you to remember that. The important thing is if you were halfway through an equation and you needed the square key and you couldn't remember where it was. You can find it and then go back to the second function key and press it three times and you'll hear "help off." Orion: Help off. Edwards: Okay. Now you can go back to your equation. Now you know where the X squared key is. That's what the help function, help mode is for and that can be really useful, especially if you're halfway through a problem and you don't want to have to start all over at the beginning. Go into help mode, find a key you need, get out of help mode, go back and finish your problem. All right. Okay. Very good. Now, next, you can't do much on a calculator if you don't know where the numbers are. And finding the numbers is pretty easy on this calculator, because they don't feel like the other buttons. If you will slide your hand down to the bottom row -- it's kind of funny -- if you really are exploring this tactually for the first time, you'll notice that on the very bottom row, yes, there are five keys as you move your hand across, but they are not lined up evenly. Student: At all! Edwards: Three of them -- yes -- three of them, kind of stick out lower than the others. Those are the bottom three buttons for your num pad, borrowing a term from the computer. Though -- can you find the three -- the number pad keys feel different because they curve down. Would that be concave I think? So if your finger actually fits into them, where is the other keys we've been pressing, sort of have a smoother surface, they poke up a little bit, so the number keys are easy to find. All right. On the very bottom row, the very left most number is zero. Check it out. Orion: Zero, zero. Edwards: There is zero, okay. We've got zeros. Zero is the first one. There's not a lot I can say about that. If you will go up one row, you are going to come to the row that includes one, two, three. Orion: One, two, three, one, two, three. Edwards: Okay. You can do it. Orion: One, two, enter. [ Laughter ] Edwards Okay. You found an "Enter" key. There's nothing wrong with that. All right. If you go up one more row you should find what? Orion: Four, five, six. Edwards: I would expect four, five, six. And if you go up one more row? Orion: Seven, eight, nine. Edwards: Okay, we found seven, eight, nine. Now, it occurred to me that we may be entering some really enormous numbers on our calculator. You know what I would like for us to do? Let's go into help mode to do this. If you're in help mode stay there. If I got you to get out of it go back into it. So now when we enter all these numbers and then do like plus, minus, times, and divide, we won't be making our poor calculators crazy, because it can't do what we're asking. All right. [Laughs]. I just want -- let's practice finding some numbers, all right. Five is the center number really, you just kind of ignore the bottom. Orion: Five. Edwards: The odd numbers are all at the corners from five. So if you go from five down and to the left, you come to one, so we do five, one. Orion: Five, one, five, one... Edwards: Good and if you go to the other bottom corner we have five, three. Orion: Five, three, five, three... Edwards: All right. We are going to have to do five, five, but if we go up to the next odd it's going to be five, seven. Orion: Five, seven. Edwards: And then unless it's stereo, it's kind of cool. And it's five, nine, let's do that one. Orion: Five, nine, five, nine... Edwards: All right. Good. That's right. So your odd numbers are in your corner. That leaves even numbers to be along the sides. So from five, can you do five, two? Orion: Five, five, two. Edwards: Good, five, two. How about five, four? Orion: Five, five, five, four. Edwards: Good. Five, six. Orion: Five, six. Edwards: Okay. Five, eight. Orion: Five, eight. Edwards: Who remembers where zero is? Orion: Five, zero, zero. Edwards: Good. All right. Very good, zero is not really a middle square, you have to far down. All right. We needed a decimal early today. With your finger on the zero move one key toward the right. Orion: Decimal point symbol. Edwards: Decimal point symbol. That's pretty talkative, isn't it? Orion: Decimal point symbol. Edwards: They said that is where your decimal is. So show me how to enter the number 1.5. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker] decimal point five. Edwards: So we want one and then the decimal and then the five. Orion: one, decimal point five. Edwards: Good one. And by the way, we're still hearing "decimal point symbol" because we're in help. It won't normally say all of that, but it's just identifying the keys for us. How about 7.5? Orion: Seven decimal point five. Edwards: You're doing really well. You know these. Okay. Then one more thing to point out. The last key -- the one in the num pad we have not looked at it's the third one on the bottom row. This is your negative key. So it turns -- it will make a positive number negative. Have you used the T-I-36-X? That was the older scientific calculator. Students: Yes. Edwards: On that calculator to make positive number 25, turn it into negative 25 you had to enter the number and then press this button. Well, if you're not familiar with this calculator -- good. You won't have to learn a new way. You're going to use this negative key in exactly the same order that you would write a problem on your paper. So if we're going to enter negative 25 you press the negative first. Orion: Negative two, five... Edwards: And do two, five, and you will have your negative 25. Okay. All right. We're going to be practicing these. You all -- you're just too fast. Show me how to enter negative 65. Just press the keys. Orion: Negative six five. Edwards: Oops, that's all right [laughs]. How about negative 85? Orion: Negative eight five. Edwards: I need to give you harder numbers. You are too good at this. All right. Now one or two more keys. We now have our numbers. We have the decimal. We know how to make them negative. Let's find out how we actually do a math problem. Go to the right-hand column and again, go down at the very bottom and we're going to start at the bottom and work our way up. Okay. The very bottom key is called "enter," but you can think of it as equals. Orion: Enter, enter, enter. Edwards: Okay. So when you've done a calculation and you're ready for the calculator to tell you the answer, you push "enter." Orion: Enter, enter. Edwards: And that's the same thing as equal. Student: [ Inaudible speaker] equals because it looks like it equals on here. Edwards: It actually has the word "enter" written on it. Little teeny tiny white letters, that say enter. And equal sign would have done it, but they chose to put the word enter. All right. But it means equals. Okay. Now, operations. Sometimes we have a hard time remembering what order they're in. I like to think of it like this. They put the operations on this calculator in the same order you learned them in elementary school. You know how in kindergarten they start you off with 1 + 1, all right. Addition is the first operation you come to. If you start from the enter key and go up, the very first button is the plus, press it. Orion: Plus symbol. Edwards: Plus symbol. All right. If you go up to the next one it's going to be what you want to know if you wanted to add. Orion: Minus symbol. Edwards: You learn how to subtract so we have the minus symbol. Then they made you multiply and you thought that was hard. Orion: Multiplication symbol. Edwards: And then somewhere around the fourth grade they hit you with -- Orion: Division symbol [ Inaudible speaker] Students: What? Edwards: Okay. Good. Let's let -- Tracy, press that key and nobody else. Orion: Division symbol with dots above and below dash. Edwards: Division symbol with dots above and below dash. Well, first of all, the thing I should have mentioned when we were on enter is this is another corner key. The corner keys, they're kind of special spots, so we've got turn it on, we've got second function to turn it off. On the right-hand side down at the bottom is our equals key. You can use that for every problem you do, so they made that one easy to find. If you go up that right handed column, they kind of mess my little pattern up because they put the navigation keys here. And remember it's up, down, left, and right. But if you go right under those navigation keys and find the top regular button immediately underneath navigation, which one? That's it. Good. Everybody's got their finger on it. That's the clear key. We're not going to need that, are we? Student: Never. [Laughs] Edwards: Never ever. We're never going to want to erase anything that we have written. All right. That is the clear key and that is really for when you just feel like you have really messed up. You don't want to just fix one digit, you want that whole thing gone. If you press it one time, in some situations it will only erase one number or one line. If you press it twice, it generally clears the entire screen. Student: When I pressed it, it cleared the whole equation. Edwards: That's not surprising, okay. So it got that whole line, and if you have a number of equations then it will take them all out. All right. Clear it should be a corner key, but it's not. Now, later I'm going to show you how to just delete or insert a single digit. In other words, you don't always want to erase your entire equation, but for right now we'll just use the clear key, because we're not going to be doing anything so hard that we have to retain some of it. Okay. So the four corner keys are "turn it on," the second function key, which you use for many things, including "turn it off," the "equals" and "clear." Orion: Thirty seconds to APD. Edwards: Thirty seconds to APD, when you hear that just use your on button. All right. That was an introduction to the basic part of the keyboard. Good starting point. All right. Student: Very good. [Clapping] Edwards: I don't know if you want to record this or not, but we are going to practice. We are going to do a few little problems. Camera: Yea. Edwards: Okay, you do. [Laughs] She does. All right. Student: Of course she do. Camera: Of course I do. Edwards: So, all right. So we're going to try using these basic keys. This is really the basic stuff, we're using the calculator. Let's try it with some problems. All right. Student: Can we turn the help mode off? Edwards: Oh, yes, thank you. We do need to exit help mode. I'm glad you remember that because I forgot. [Laughs]. All right. Student: [ Inaudible speaker] Edwards: We would never [inaudible speaker] get an answer. All right. So our first problem is going to be addition. Stop and think for a minute so you know how to find the addition key. Student: Wait, do we need to clear because we were tapping numbers before we [inaudible speaker]? Edwards: Press the clear twice. Orion: [ Inaudible speaker] clear. Edwards: There we go. And it will just clear your whole entire screen and you really don't have to worry about that.