1 00:00:01,001 --> 00:00:04,538 [Silence] 2 00:00:05,305 --> 00:00:07,374 >> Narrator: Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired 3 00:00:07,374 --> 00:00:09,009 Outreach Programs. 4 00:00:09,009 --> 00:00:11,144 Creating Accessible Documents. 5 00:00:11,144 --> 00:00:13,247 November 3, 2015. 6 00:00:13,247 --> 00:00:17,351 Presented by Jim Allan, Accessibility Coordinator. 7 00:00:17,351 --> 00:00:21,822 jimallan at t-s-b-v-i dot e-d-u. 8 00:00:21,822 --> 00:00:24,458 >> Jim Allan: ...and the first thing we're going to talk about 9 00:00:24,458 --> 00:00:28,495 is the outline of what we're going to be covering today. 10 00:00:28,495 --> 00:00:34,301 And our outline is -- let me just get that here. 11 00:00:34,301 --> 00:00:36,169 Sorry. 12 00:00:36,169 --> 00:00:37,404 Yeah. 13 00:00:37,404 --> 00:00:40,674 We're going to be talking about structure of documents, 14 00:00:40,674 --> 00:00:42,976 then we're going to jump in and talk a little bit 15 00:00:42,976 --> 00:00:45,512 about styles and formatting, and then 16 00:00:45,512 --> 00:00:49,516 alternative text for images, meaningful hyperlinks, 17 00:00:49,516 --> 00:00:53,921 simple tables, and things we should avoid. 18 00:00:53,921 --> 00:00:57,224 So I've got some little prerecorded videos 19 00:00:57,224 --> 00:00:59,259 and the first one we're going to do is called 20 00:00:59,259 --> 00:01:04,064 Structure: Building Your Document. 21 00:01:04,064 --> 00:01:05,632 >> Jim: First thing we're going to be talking about is the 22 00:01:05,632 --> 00:01:08,335 structure of your document. 23 00:01:08,335 --> 00:01:11,071 Without structure your document is just a bunch of words 24 00:01:11,071 --> 00:01:13,373 on a page with some carriage returns. 25 00:01:13,373 --> 00:01:15,642 Think of your structure as walls of a house 26 00:01:15,642 --> 00:01:19,179 that hold up the roof and give the house structure, 27 00:01:19,179 --> 00:01:21,515 so that it all holds together. 28 00:01:21,515 --> 00:01:26,219 So the structure also provides you a map of what is going on in 29 00:01:26,219 --> 00:01:28,989 your document, like an outline. 30 00:01:28,989 --> 00:01:33,193 So there's a tool in the productivity toolbar, called the 31 00:01:33,193 --> 00:01:35,062 document map. 32 00:01:35,062 --> 00:01:36,229 This is part of Word. 33 00:01:36,229 --> 00:01:38,966 We've just gathered all the tools together to help make 34 00:01:38,966 --> 00:01:42,436 your document accessible in one place. 35 00:01:42,436 --> 00:01:44,871 So the document map, if we click on it, 36 00:01:44,871 --> 00:01:49,876 it shows us the outline of our document. 37 00:01:49,876 --> 00:01:52,212 And if we look over here, it says this document 38 00:01:52,212 --> 00:01:55,215 does not contain any headings. 39 00:01:55,215 --> 00:01:58,452 So, we have no headings in our document. 40 00:01:58,452 --> 00:02:01,955 That's a problem if we want to navigate through it by headings, 41 00:02:01,955 --> 00:02:04,391 because most screen readers allow us to do that, 42 00:02:04,391 --> 00:02:08,195 and if we want to convert it into braille, having headings is 43 00:02:08,195 --> 00:02:13,066 a really useful thing in order to create structured braille, 44 00:02:13,066 --> 00:02:16,003 so kids know where to find the information. 45 00:02:16,003 --> 00:02:18,905 So you can say -- but you say, but, look, we have headings. 46 00:02:18,905 --> 00:02:20,140 They're right there. 47 00:02:20,140 --> 00:02:22,576 They're these things with extra spaces between them. 48 00:02:22,576 --> 00:02:25,912 Well, that's just words with spaces between them. 49 00:02:25,912 --> 00:02:27,881 In order for something to be a heading, 50 00:02:27,881 --> 00:02:30,017 it needs to be labeled a heading. 51 00:02:30,017 --> 00:02:33,286 And in Word, and in any structured document, 52 00:02:33,286 --> 00:02:36,056 we can go to what are called styles 53 00:02:36,056 --> 00:02:40,260 and click up our nice little style menu. 54 00:02:40,260 --> 00:02:42,362 And we're going to start our document, and I'm going to go 55 00:02:42,362 --> 00:02:45,198 through this pretty quickly, just so you can see 56 00:02:45,198 --> 00:02:48,568 that the headings appear, and you will see 57 00:02:48,568 --> 00:02:52,372 the document map change and the outline will appear. 58 00:02:52,372 --> 00:02:55,308 So the title of our document is The World of Dogs. 59 00:02:55,308 --> 00:02:57,544 We're going to make that a heading 1. 60 00:02:57,544 --> 00:03:00,380 Introduction is a heading 2. 61 00:03:00,380 --> 00:03:04,217 History of Dogs, we'll make it a 3. 62 00:03:04,217 --> 00:03:06,920 And then we're going to scroll down and continue. 63 00:03:06,920 --> 00:03:10,657 Wolf Theory is part of that other heading 3, 64 00:03:10,657 --> 00:03:12,826 so we'll make that a 4. 65 00:03:12,826 --> 00:03:17,164 Prehistory is a 4. 66 00:03:17,164 --> 00:03:19,366 And this is just a little document called 67 00:03:19,366 --> 00:03:21,735 The Story of Dogs that we use 68 00:03:21,735 --> 00:03:29,609 for illustrative purposes, and then this goes back to a 3, 69 00:03:29,609 --> 00:03:32,379 Classification of Dogs, 70 00:03:32,379 --> 00:03:35,615 Classification of Morphology. 71 00:03:35,615 --> 00:03:36,950 Okay. 72 00:03:36,950 --> 00:03:39,152 By function. 73 00:03:39,152 --> 00:03:48,929 And Herding Dogs is a function of dogs, so that gets us 6. 74 00:03:48,929 --> 00:03:50,797 Oh, I guess we'll make that a 7, then. 75 00:03:50,797 --> 00:03:52,466 Okay. 76 00:03:52,466 --> 00:04:01,775 We'll go through here, and then Hounds becomes a 6. 77 00:04:01,775 --> 00:04:08,181 And Afghan Hounds, and Basenji -- 78 00:04:08,181 --> 00:04:16,523 who knew there were that many kind of dogs? 79 00:04:16,523 --> 00:04:20,260 So, you can see, over here on the left‑hand side, 80 00:04:20,260 --> 00:04:26,766 that we're getting this really nice outline of our document, 81 00:04:26,766 --> 00:04:30,103 and it's all because we're just adding some headings 82 00:04:30,103 --> 00:04:34,341 to the document. And then we can choose this. 83 00:04:34,341 --> 00:04:36,776 This is like -- this looks like a heading to me, 84 00:04:36,776 --> 00:04:38,778 so I would call it a heading. 85 00:04:38,778 --> 00:04:43,950 It's not part of the classification and it's not part 86 00:04:43,950 --> 00:04:46,586 of the history of dogs, so I think I will make this a 87 00:04:46,586 --> 00:04:54,361 heading level 2, which is on par with the Introduction. 88 00:04:54,361 --> 00:05:01,101 So I'm going to call it heading level 2. 89 00:05:01,101 --> 00:05:04,004 And then down here, it looks like we have something 90 00:05:04,004 --> 00:05:04,938 with a table. 91 00:05:04,938 --> 00:05:05,739 Okay. 92 00:05:05,739 --> 00:05:08,441 So that gets us our main structure. 93 00:05:08,441 --> 00:05:12,979 We've provided our basic scaffolding for our document, 94 00:05:12,979 --> 00:05:16,249 and we see we have a really nice outline now, over here on the 95 00:05:16,249 --> 00:05:17,984 left‑hand side in our document map. 96 00:05:17,984 --> 00:05:22,055 And you can jump -- you can also use this for navigation 97 00:05:22,055 --> 00:05:24,591 and jump to, like, the Herding Dogs. 98 00:05:24,591 --> 00:05:28,395 If you wanted to change the heading level, just click on it 99 00:05:28,395 --> 00:05:30,931 and it will immediately pop it out. 100 00:05:30,931 --> 00:05:32,966 The next thing we're going to talk about is lists, 101 00:05:32,966 --> 00:05:35,368 now that we've got our headings done, we're going 102 00:05:35,368 --> 00:05:38,305 to jump to lists, which is the next important thing, 103 00:05:38,305 --> 00:05:41,308 because there is a structure of information -- 104 00:05:41,308 --> 00:05:43,944 and I think there was one in this document. 105 00:05:43,944 --> 00:05:44,978 So what we have down here is 106 00:05:44,978 --> 00:05:50,750 the Top Five Dog Breeds for Families. 107 00:05:50,750 --> 00:05:53,220 Now, you say, well, look, it looks like a list. 108 00:05:53,220 --> 00:05:55,655 It's got numbers, it's got periods and spaces. 109 00:05:55,655 --> 00:06:00,727 But if we click on it, it just says over here in our styles, 110 00:06:00,727 --> 00:06:02,662 it says normal. 111 00:06:02,662 --> 00:06:04,664 But the important part is, right up here 112 00:06:04,664 --> 00:06:07,968 in the top in our document, and it has bulleted lists 113 00:06:07,968 --> 00:06:13,707 and numbered lists. And if this thing were a list, 114 00:06:13,707 --> 00:06:18,111 then the numbers here would be highlighted. 115 00:06:18,111 --> 00:06:21,448 So we're going to change this into a real list. 116 00:06:21,448 --> 00:06:24,651 We're going to highlight the entire list. 117 00:06:24,651 --> 00:06:27,153 And we're going to click on the numbers. 118 00:06:27,153 --> 00:06:33,426 Now, you can see that numbers is highlighted, and we've got an 119 00:06:33,426 --> 00:06:36,796 indent and we've got tabs, and we still have numbers 120 00:06:36,796 --> 00:06:38,565 and we still have all the words. 121 00:06:38,565 --> 00:06:42,702 The thing that changed is that in the document, 122 00:06:42,702 --> 00:06:48,074 this was specifically labeled as a list. 123 00:06:48,074 --> 00:06:50,010 And this will help you when you're converting it 124 00:06:50,010 --> 00:06:53,680 into braille also, because it will see the codes 125 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:59,352 in the Word document, and it will convert it 126 00:06:59,352 --> 00:07:02,155 into appropriate braille format. 127 00:07:02,155 --> 00:07:05,492 So the other three things in our document that's about 128 00:07:05,492 --> 00:07:07,761 structure -- we're talking about paragraphs, 129 00:07:07,761 --> 00:07:10,930 and notice that we have paragraphs in our document 130 00:07:10,930 --> 00:07:13,466 all the way through. 131 00:07:13,466 --> 00:07:16,303 That's what these little signs at the end say, 132 00:07:16,303 --> 00:07:17,837 this is a paragraph. 133 00:07:17,837 --> 00:07:19,973 And paragraphs are useful things, and they help 134 00:07:19,973 --> 00:07:21,841 format the braille also. 135 00:07:21,841 --> 00:07:24,311 We also have columns. 136 00:07:24,311 --> 00:07:26,579 We're not going to talk about columns, other than, 137 00:07:26,579 --> 00:07:30,450 if you're going to use -- put your document into columns, 138 00:07:30,450 --> 00:07:34,521 you want to use the proper tool, like this button, 139 00:07:34,521 --> 00:07:37,524 right here, in Word that says, put it into columns. 140 00:07:37,524 --> 00:07:40,560 I've seen people try and make columns with tabs. 141 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:42,662 It's very ugly when you change the formatting or change the 142 00:07:42,662 --> 00:07:45,732 word and when you try and convert it into braille, 143 00:07:45,732 --> 00:07:48,168 it's not going to work at all. 144 00:07:48,168 --> 00:07:51,071 So, if for some reason, you have to have columns 145 00:07:51,071 --> 00:07:54,474 in your document. Use the column button in Word 146 00:07:54,474 --> 00:07:57,043 to help you create your columns. 147 00:07:57,043 --> 00:08:00,246 And the last thing was page breaks. 148 00:08:00,246 --> 00:08:05,318 And page breaks are generally specific places in the document 149 00:08:05,318 --> 00:08:07,387 where you want to have something break. 150 00:08:07,387 --> 00:08:10,857 Like you don't want to have one line at the end of a page, 151 00:08:10,857 --> 00:08:13,727 and you can do that, it makes the reading 152 00:08:13,727 --> 00:08:14,761 a little bit easier. 153 00:08:14,761 --> 00:08:16,730 It's not going to impact your braille at all. 154 00:08:16,730 --> 00:08:20,734 And that's all we're going to talk about in structure. 155 00:08:20,734 --> 00:08:23,937 Make sure that you use the buttons that are there 156 00:08:23,937 --> 00:08:27,774 for the headings and make sure your lists, be they numbered 157 00:08:27,774 --> 00:08:31,311 or bulleted or whatever, are actual lists, 158 00:08:31,311 --> 00:08:35,615 not just numbers with dots and spaces after it. 159 00:08:35,615 --> 00:08:39,619 >> Jim: ...on that first slide, about structure, it talked about 160 00:08:39,619 --> 00:08:43,690 the productivity ribbon. 161 00:08:43,690 --> 00:08:45,658 So this is the governor's website. 162 00:08:45,658 --> 00:08:48,194 I'm going to just scroll up to it here. 163 00:08:48,194 --> 00:08:51,731 So this is what you see when you get there. 164 00:08:51,731 --> 00:08:56,736 And then about halfway down the page, you'll see a section on 165 00:08:56,736 --> 00:09:00,974 Microsoft Word, and this tells you everything you wanted to 166 00:09:00,974 --> 00:09:05,812 know about that productivity ribbon that I've been using and 167 00:09:05,812 --> 00:09:08,882 will be using throughout the day, and it tells you how to 168 00:09:08,882 --> 00:09:12,452 install it and it's got the install file and the directions, 169 00:09:12,452 --> 00:09:16,990 and there's some videos and MP3 files, a whole mess of things 170 00:09:16,990 --> 00:09:21,961 related to this one particular ribbon. 171 00:09:21,961 --> 00:09:24,798 And it's all fully accessible, so if your students wanted to 172 00:09:24,798 --> 00:09:27,167 use it, they could do that, too. 173 00:09:27,167 --> 00:09:30,036 This was created by state government employees. 174 00:09:30,036 --> 00:09:33,873 We spent about a thousand hours on it one summer across ten 175 00:09:33,873 --> 00:09:38,244 state agencies, and created the productivity ribbon and this 176 00:09:38,244 --> 00:09:41,514 whole series of information that you have on the screen. 177 00:09:41,514 --> 00:09:43,550 So the next thing we're going to be talking about 178 00:09:43,550 --> 00:09:46,319 is using more styles. 179 00:09:46,319 --> 00:09:50,023 And we'll have another short video on that. 180 00:09:50,023 --> 00:09:52,525 >> Jim: The next thing we're going to be talking about is the 181 00:09:52,525 --> 00:09:56,629 styles and formatting of the document, and this includes 182 00:09:56,629 --> 00:10:00,166 the font, the font sizes, the line spacing, 183 00:10:00,166 --> 00:10:02,569 and several other things. 184 00:10:02,569 --> 00:10:05,605 The first thing we need to look at is the font family 185 00:10:05,605 --> 00:10:07,173 and the font size. 186 00:10:07,173 --> 00:10:09,943 Many documents have things called -- 187 00:10:09,943 --> 00:10:13,947 or have fonts called Serif fonts. 188 00:10:13,947 --> 00:10:17,717 It's like Times New Roman, they have little bits on the edges 189 00:10:17,717 --> 00:10:20,887 and on the bottoms of the letters. 190 00:10:20,887 --> 00:10:22,655 Sometimes that makes it difficult to read 191 00:10:22,655 --> 00:10:24,691 for people with low vision. 192 00:10:24,691 --> 00:10:28,261 So we want to try and choose a font called San Serif, 193 00:10:28,261 --> 00:10:33,066 and one of them is Arial, and another is Verdana, 194 00:10:33,066 --> 00:10:36,202 there's also Georgia and several others. 195 00:10:36,202 --> 00:10:38,905 So we're going to choose our document here, 196 00:10:38,905 --> 00:10:41,808 and these are our paragraphs. 197 00:10:41,808 --> 00:10:46,880 And let's see what our general format for that is. 198 00:10:46,880 --> 00:10:50,149 So in our styles pane, we're going to go over to Normal, 199 00:10:50,149 --> 00:10:55,455 click on the little arrow, and we're going to select all 77 200 00:10:55,455 --> 00:11:01,027 instances that are based -- called Normal, and then we're 201 00:11:01,027 --> 00:11:05,064 going to go into Normal and we're going to say modify it. 202 00:11:05,064 --> 00:11:08,568 And notice it says we've got a Verdana font, which is okay, 203 00:11:08,568 --> 00:11:11,137 it's pretty clean, but it's size 10. 204 00:11:11,137 --> 00:11:17,844 10 is pretty small to read for a lot of people. 205 00:11:17,844 --> 00:11:22,181 So we're going to change that to 12. 206 00:11:22,181 --> 00:11:25,485 And now we're going to look at it and see what we've got here. 207 00:11:25,485 --> 00:11:27,954 So we popped everything up a little bit. 208 00:11:27,954 --> 00:11:31,257 That's a little bit easier to read. 209 00:11:31,257 --> 00:11:35,395 Now, one of the things a lot of people seem to do is, 210 00:11:35,395 --> 00:11:38,765 they like that full justification. 211 00:11:38,765 --> 00:11:40,667 Let me show that to you. 212 00:11:40,667 --> 00:11:43,703 We're going to go over here to Normal, 213 00:11:43,703 --> 00:11:47,240 we're going to modify it. 214 00:11:47,240 --> 00:11:51,544 And justify, the full justification is where all the 215 00:11:51,544 --> 00:11:54,147 margins line up left and right. 216 00:11:54,147 --> 00:11:56,482 And let me show that to you. 217 00:11:56,482 --> 00:11:59,552 Now, that looks really nice. 218 00:11:59,552 --> 00:12:02,889 It's got a clean look to it. 219 00:12:02,889 --> 00:12:06,092 But for reading purposes, it's really difficult, 220 00:12:06,092 --> 00:12:09,195 because there's different amounts of spaces between 221 00:12:09,195 --> 00:12:10,897 every single word. 222 00:12:10,897 --> 00:12:14,167 Some have more, some have less, and then you get some of those 223 00:12:14,167 --> 00:12:17,737 weird sentences where things are stretched out really far, 224 00:12:17,737 --> 00:12:21,040 and it's just really hard to read. 225 00:12:21,040 --> 00:12:24,310 So generally, you want to leave 226 00:12:24,310 --> 00:12:31,684 the justification alone, just leave it as left and 227 00:12:31,684 --> 00:12:34,687 let that be a ragged edge on the right side. 228 00:12:34,687 --> 00:12:40,627 One of the other things we can do is change the line spacing a 229 00:12:40,627 --> 00:12:47,233 little bit, so this is one and a half spaces per line, 230 00:12:47,233 --> 00:12:51,571 which spreads it out a little bit and makes it quite 231 00:12:51,571 --> 00:12:52,839 easy to read. 232 00:12:52,839 --> 00:12:56,576 Takes up a little more space, but that's something you can 233 00:12:56,576 --> 00:12:59,879 adjust to make it easier to read for folks with low vision 234 00:12:59,879 --> 00:13:01,948 or people who have just, you know, 235 00:13:01,948 --> 00:13:05,251 any sort of little difficulty in the reading. 236 00:13:05,251 --> 00:13:11,991 I generally use 1.15 lines in between, just to 237 00:13:11,991 --> 00:13:15,061 give it a little extra space and not have the letters 238 00:13:15,061 --> 00:13:18,998 crowd so much and it's much easier to read. 239 00:13:18,998 --> 00:13:19,866 Okay. 240 00:13:19,866 --> 00:13:26,272 Another thing to watch out for is an extensive use of italics. 241 00:13:26,272 --> 00:13:30,543 Those are -- italics is hard to read so you only want to use it 242 00:13:30,543 --> 00:13:32,478 when you have to. 243 00:13:32,478 --> 00:13:37,417 And you can find the italics under the home button here. 244 00:13:37,417 --> 00:13:39,485 You can click on italics. 245 00:13:39,485 --> 00:13:42,922 But it's difficult to read. 246 00:13:42,922 --> 00:13:47,593 Also, you want to avoid using things like underlined, 247 00:13:47,593 --> 00:13:52,265 as well as -- especially in documents for on the web. 248 00:13:52,265 --> 00:13:54,400 Having things underlined, people think 249 00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:57,036 things underlined should be links and they're going 250 00:13:57,036 --> 00:13:58,538 to try and click on them. 251 00:13:58,538 --> 00:14:02,175 When nothing happens, they get frustrated, and they don't trust 252 00:14:02,175 --> 00:14:04,410 anything else that's underlined. 253 00:14:04,410 --> 00:14:06,946 So only use underlined, especially if it's going 254 00:14:06,946 --> 00:14:09,615 on the web, for things that are links. 255 00:14:09,615 --> 00:14:13,419 If you have to use an underline in Word, then that's what it is, 256 00:14:13,419 --> 00:14:15,421 and go ahead and do it. 257 00:14:15,421 --> 00:14:20,960 One of the last things to think about in your formatting and 258 00:14:20,960 --> 00:14:22,829 styles is all caps. 259 00:14:22,829 --> 00:14:25,798 All caps are very difficult to read for people, 260 00:14:25,798 --> 00:14:27,934 and they should be used minimally. 261 00:14:27,934 --> 00:14:30,670 So let me show you what an all caps looks like. 262 00:14:30,670 --> 00:14:35,541 Go up here, and say upper case. 263 00:14:35,541 --> 00:14:38,711 That's really hard to read for people. 264 00:14:38,711 --> 00:14:41,881 If you have to use it, if you have some style for 265 00:14:41,881 --> 00:14:46,552 your school or your agency that says you have to use all caps, 266 00:14:46,552 --> 00:14:49,956 use it only for headings, not for in the middle of your 267 00:14:49,956 --> 00:14:53,559 document, unless it's something really, really important and for 268 00:14:53,559 --> 00:14:59,499 whatever reason, bold won't cut it for you, then use it, 269 00:14:59,499 --> 00:15:01,567 but please do it sparingly. 270 00:15:01,567 --> 00:15:03,503 It's very difficult to read. 271 00:15:03,503 --> 00:15:05,505 One other thing under styles and formatting is 272 00:15:05,505 --> 00:15:07,006 the use of color. 273 00:15:07,006 --> 00:15:10,510 Now, our headings came out mostly black. 274 00:15:10,510 --> 00:15:17,550 You can change the colors of your headings. 275 00:15:17,550 --> 00:15:23,923 And you can get really wild on those. 276 00:15:23,923 --> 00:15:29,896 And you can change whatever color you want and choose them. 277 00:15:29,896 --> 00:15:33,466 But let's say I chose that as a color for my heading. 278 00:15:33,466 --> 00:15:36,035 There's just one problem with that. 279 00:15:36,035 --> 00:15:39,872 The contrast is very poor, and you can't see it. 280 00:15:39,872 --> 00:15:45,344 So be sure you make -- have all of your colors something that is 281 00:15:45,344 --> 00:15:51,484 readable, so you have the proper color, and also make sure that 282 00:15:51,484 --> 00:15:56,889 you don't have colors that are used for information, 283 00:15:56,889 --> 00:16:00,626 like all of the red things are new. 284 00:16:00,626 --> 00:16:03,296 If someone is color‑blind -- and there's like 285 00:16:03,296 --> 00:16:06,399 12 to 16 percent, depending on the numbers you look at, 286 00:16:06,399 --> 00:16:09,602 of people who are color‑blind. 287 00:16:09,602 --> 00:16:11,671 So if you say something is going to be -- if all the red ones 288 00:16:11,671 --> 00:16:17,410 are new, or all the green things are good, or whatever, 289 00:16:17,410 --> 00:16:23,583 you need to include some other sort of marker, like an asterisk 290 00:16:23,583 --> 00:16:29,922 or things marked with an 'at' sign or some other indicator, 291 00:16:29,922 --> 00:16:33,759 so that it's not just the color that's telling people 292 00:16:33,759 --> 00:16:35,561 that something is new. 293 00:16:35,561 --> 00:16:39,465 That way, if they can't see the color or for contrast reasons, 294 00:16:39,465 --> 00:16:42,969 or whatever, you still have that little bit of information 295 00:16:42,969 --> 00:16:45,404 to help guide you into letting you know 296 00:16:45,404 --> 00:16:47,206 the things that are new. 297 00:16:47,206 --> 00:16:49,108 >> Jim: Okay. Welcome back. 298 00:16:49,108 --> 00:16:52,612 So, that was a little bit about fonts and styling and 299 00:16:52,612 --> 00:16:54,280 line spacing and things. 300 00:16:54,280 --> 00:16:58,684 I want to show you a little bit on my computer screen, 301 00:16:58,684 --> 00:17:01,621 and we'll do that right now. 302 00:17:01,621 --> 00:17:04,657 This is that World of Dogs document. 303 00:17:04,657 --> 00:17:07,593 And notice here that our introduction, it says, 304 00:17:07,593 --> 00:17:10,429 heading two on it. 305 00:17:10,429 --> 00:17:15,167 Now, down here I've got this one called Wolf Theory. 306 00:17:15,167 --> 00:17:19,005 I'm going to switch over to my home tab, 307 00:17:19,005 --> 00:17:22,008 and I'm going to call that Arial. 308 00:17:22,008 --> 00:17:22,875 Arial? 309 00:17:22,875 --> 00:17:24,610 Hello, Arial. 310 00:17:24,610 --> 00:17:26,012 Where are you? 311 00:17:26,012 --> 00:17:26,746 There. 312 00:17:26,746 --> 00:17:28,281 I'm going to call it Arial. 313 00:17:28,281 --> 00:17:30,716 I'm going to make it 14 point, and I'm going to make it italic, 314 00:17:30,716 --> 00:17:33,753 and make it bold. 315 00:17:33,753 --> 00:17:35,254 There we go. 316 00:17:35,254 --> 00:17:36,622 Now, let's look at that. 317 00:17:36,622 --> 00:17:40,159 It looks just like this heading 2 up here, 318 00:17:40,159 --> 00:17:43,629 where we have the Introduction. 319 00:17:43,629 --> 00:17:47,466 And if we click on Introduction, our style says it's a heading 2. 320 00:17:47,466 --> 00:17:51,771 Down here, Wolf Theory looks like it's a heading 2, 321 00:17:51,771 --> 00:17:54,540 but it's really not, it's just a bunch of characters 322 00:17:54,540 --> 00:17:57,343 that have been styled to look like a heading. 323 00:17:57,343 --> 00:18:01,314 If you translated this into braille, the word 'Introduction' 324 00:18:01,314 --> 00:18:03,816 would come out and be formatted appropriately 325 00:18:03,816 --> 00:18:06,252 like heading level 2. 326 00:18:06,252 --> 00:18:09,588 The words Wolf Theory would just come out bold and italic 327 00:18:09,588 --> 00:18:11,891 and just be some words. 328 00:18:11,891 --> 00:18:13,759 It'll look just like a paragraph. 329 00:18:13,759 --> 00:18:15,761 So it's really important, even though you can 330 00:18:15,761 --> 00:18:19,665 make things look like it, the important thing is to have 331 00:18:19,665 --> 00:18:22,101 the structure. All right. 332 00:18:22,101 --> 00:18:26,238 The next thing we're going to be talking about are images. 333 00:18:26,238 --> 00:18:30,109 >> Jim: Many documents contain images and we need to label them 334 00:18:30,109 --> 00:18:31,911 so that screen readers can find them for -- 335 00:18:31,911 --> 00:18:35,881 so they know what's going on. 336 00:18:35,881 --> 00:18:39,251 So on this document we've got a picture 337 00:18:39,251 --> 00:18:44,523 of a Labrador Retriever and it's important that we 338 00:18:44,523 --> 00:18:50,463 include the picture that is -- it's in‑line text with 339 00:18:50,463 --> 00:18:53,599 everything else, so that means that there is 340 00:18:53,599 --> 00:18:58,971 a carriage return at the end of that paragraph, 341 00:18:58,971 --> 00:19:01,841 then we have the picture, and then there's 342 00:19:01,841 --> 00:19:05,277 another paragraph mark, and the dog just 343 00:19:05,277 --> 00:19:08,781 falls in line with all the text, just as normal. 344 00:19:08,781 --> 00:19:12,652 That way the screen reader will find it. 345 00:19:12,652 --> 00:19:17,289 If you have text over here beside the picture and 346 00:19:17,289 --> 00:19:20,893 there's more information over here, JAWS will not read it; 347 00:19:20,893 --> 00:19:23,462 it won't see that picture of the dog. 348 00:19:23,462 --> 00:19:26,098 So there's several things we need to do. 349 00:19:26,098 --> 00:19:29,368 One is include a caption for the picture, 350 00:19:29,368 --> 00:19:32,471 because every picture has a label, generally. 351 00:19:32,471 --> 00:19:35,174 So we're going to use this text down here that says 352 00:19:35,174 --> 00:19:40,546 Top Dog in the U.S., Labrador Retriever. 353 00:19:40,546 --> 00:19:43,949 And I'm going to cut that out of the document. 354 00:19:43,949 --> 00:19:49,221 We're going to go over here to the dog and right‑click on it, 355 00:19:49,221 --> 00:19:53,059 and we're going to say, Insert Caption. 356 00:19:53,059 --> 00:19:56,996 And when we put the caption in, it says Figure 1. 357 00:19:56,996 --> 00:20:00,199 It's nice to label your figures so you can tell people, 358 00:20:00,199 --> 00:20:01,867 you know, I need you to go to figure 7 359 00:20:01,867 --> 00:20:05,871 and they can do a search and find figure 7 360 00:20:05,871 --> 00:20:09,308 or figure whatever, if you have a number on it. 361 00:20:09,308 --> 00:20:12,445 Otherwise, they have to just count all the pictures and try 362 00:20:12,445 --> 00:20:15,981 and find whichever one you're talking about. 363 00:20:15,981 --> 00:20:20,619 If you label it, they'll be able to find it much more easily. 364 00:20:20,619 --> 00:20:23,589 So we're going to paste in that bit of text. 365 00:20:23,589 --> 00:20:25,558 This labels our figure. 366 00:20:25,558 --> 00:20:29,729 It says we can put it on the bottom -- or label the figure, 367 00:20:29,729 --> 00:20:32,098 we're going to put it below the selection, 368 00:20:32,098 --> 00:20:33,766 which is generally where people look 369 00:20:33,766 --> 00:20:36,869 for captions on pictures, and we're going to say, okay. 370 00:20:36,869 --> 00:20:38,804 Notice it did it in bold for you, 371 00:20:38,804 --> 00:20:40,539 so you don't already have to do that. 372 00:20:40,539 --> 00:20:45,845 It puts a Figure 1 on it, and it says: Top Dog in the U.S. 373 00:20:45,845 --> 00:20:49,315 So JAWS will read that for you, but we still need 374 00:20:49,315 --> 00:20:54,820 a description of what this picture is. 375 00:20:54,820 --> 00:20:58,524 So we're going to right‑click on the picture again and we go down 376 00:20:58,524 --> 00:21:03,229 to 'format the picture.' And format the picture is -- 377 00:21:03,229 --> 00:21:07,299 we can do all sorts of fancy things, and this tells you 378 00:21:07,299 --> 00:21:09,034 what the size is and how big it is, 379 00:21:09,034 --> 00:21:12,004 but what we want is the 'ALT Text.' 380 00:21:12,004 --> 00:21:16,675 And alternative text is what will be read 381 00:21:16,675 --> 00:21:19,912 by the screen reader as a description of the picture. 382 00:21:19,912 --> 00:21:24,049 This tries to answer the question, what does this image 383 00:21:24,049 --> 00:21:29,922 convey, in context, and it says Labrador Retriever. 384 00:21:29,922 --> 00:21:32,191 One would hope most people know 385 00:21:32,191 --> 00:21:34,493 what a Labrador Retriever looks like, 386 00:21:34,493 --> 00:21:38,664 and that's good enough for me, for this presentation. 387 00:21:38,664 --> 00:21:41,100 If it was a chart or something, you would want to put 388 00:21:41,100 --> 00:21:44,270 the information related to the chart, in 389 00:21:44,270 --> 00:21:47,573 explaining what it is, a bit, if the caption 390 00:21:47,573 --> 00:21:49,542 doesn't already do that. 391 00:21:49,542 --> 00:21:51,677 The thing you need to remember is that this -- 392 00:21:51,677 --> 00:21:54,747 even though the box is really, really big here, 393 00:21:54,747 --> 00:21:58,517 only 120 characters will be read. 394 00:21:58,517 --> 00:22:02,888 That's -- you have to be really terse to get 395 00:22:02,888 --> 00:22:05,424 all your information into 120 characters. 396 00:22:05,424 --> 00:22:07,526 That's less than a tweet. 397 00:22:07,526 --> 00:22:10,162 So in some cases, it might be better 398 00:22:10,162 --> 00:22:15,668 to put the description of the image in the document itself 399 00:22:15,668 --> 00:22:19,238 and then as the alternative text, you would say, 400 00:22:19,238 --> 00:22:23,542 you know, description of image is in the text. 401 00:22:23,542 --> 00:22:25,044 Okay. 402 00:22:25,044 --> 00:22:27,980 So it's important that we put a caption on the picture 403 00:22:27,980 --> 00:22:30,749 and it's important that we put a description 404 00:22:30,749 --> 00:22:34,353 of what the picture is, which is usually different 405 00:22:34,353 --> 00:22:35,721 than what the caption is, 406 00:22:35,721 --> 00:22:38,057 because caption is usually said, you know, here's the title 407 00:22:38,057 --> 00:22:44,730 of the picture, it was done by this artist in, you know, 1873. 408 00:22:44,730 --> 00:22:46,565 And it might have a title. 409 00:22:46,565 --> 00:22:49,802 It might have nothing to bear -- you know, no resemblance 410 00:22:49,802 --> 00:22:52,304 with the actual image. 411 00:22:52,304 --> 00:22:55,608 So you would -- in the description, you would describe 412 00:22:55,608 --> 00:22:59,178 what the picture was, if it's, you know, a lady in a boat, 413 00:22:59,178 --> 00:23:03,482 or it's a picture of factories in the wintertime, 414 00:23:03,482 --> 00:23:08,153 or whatever it might be that may not be conveyed 415 00:23:08,153 --> 00:23:10,856 in the title, and it has to be in context. 416 00:23:10,856 --> 00:23:17,263 Because you wouldn't want to describe the picture in terms of 417 00:23:17,263 --> 00:23:20,332 the color pallet used when we're really talking about the 418 00:23:20,332 --> 00:23:22,968 Industrial Revolution, and a picture shows 419 00:23:22,968 --> 00:23:25,904 a bunch of smoke coming out of all the factories. 420 00:23:25,904 --> 00:23:28,407 So you have to pay attention to what the context is 421 00:23:28,407 --> 00:23:30,709 of the picture, so when you write the description, 422 00:23:30,709 --> 00:23:33,445 it conveys the information that you want it to. 423 00:23:33,445 --> 00:23:34,546 >> Jim: Okay. 424 00:23:34,546 --> 00:23:35,681 So now we're back. 425 00:23:35,681 --> 00:23:40,185 So we've done the images and there's one part of that outline 426 00:23:40,185 --> 00:23:43,789 you had that said 'Eye candy.' So eye candy are pictures that 427 00:23:43,789 --> 00:23:50,496 convey no information, like I added 428 00:23:50,496 --> 00:23:53,799 this little paw print to the bottom of the screen. 429 00:23:53,799 --> 00:23:56,468 So if you followed the rules and say, oh, this is, you know, 430 00:23:56,468 --> 00:24:01,307 a silhouette of a paw print, and you can put that as a caption, 431 00:24:01,307 --> 00:24:05,477 that would be, for most people who are blind 432 00:24:05,477 --> 00:24:07,680 or using a screen reader, that's a bunch of noise. 433 00:24:07,680 --> 00:24:09,381 And it's not necessary. 434 00:24:09,381 --> 00:24:11,450 You had it there just for decoration. 435 00:24:11,450 --> 00:24:15,354 And so that indicate that decoration, we would just 436 00:24:15,354 --> 00:24:23,529 go to format the picture and in the ALT text, 437 00:24:23,529 --> 00:24:29,068 we would say space. That's all there is to it. 438 00:24:29,068 --> 00:24:32,705 Don't use the title, just use the description, 439 00:24:32,705 --> 00:24:36,475 and then you say close, and we're done, 440 00:24:36,475 --> 00:24:40,045 and JAWS will ignore that picture. 441 00:24:40,045 --> 00:24:41,547 All‑righty. 442 00:24:41,547 --> 00:24:44,416 So, that's a little bit more about images. 443 00:24:44,416 --> 00:24:48,787 And I totally spaced out on what my next section 444 00:24:48,787 --> 00:24:51,056 is supposed to be. 445 00:24:51,056 --> 00:24:54,927 And we will be talking about -- oh, meaningful hyperlinks. 446 00:24:54,927 --> 00:24:57,830 Hyperlinks in your document are really important 447 00:24:57,830 --> 00:25:00,199 and this little video will tell you all about it. 448 00:25:00,199 --> 00:25:01,967 >> Jim: Hyperlinks are things that people know 449 00:25:01,967 --> 00:25:05,604 they can click on to go somewhere else, on the web. 450 00:25:05,604 --> 00:25:13,011 In our print documents, we want those to be in plain, human, 451 00:25:13,011 --> 00:25:16,048 readable words, and then we put parentheses 452 00:25:16,048 --> 00:25:19,485 around the actual hyperlink, so that if you happen 453 00:25:19,485 --> 00:25:21,019 to be reading it with a screen reader, 454 00:25:21,019 --> 00:25:24,990 then the actual words are read as a link. 455 00:25:24,990 --> 00:25:27,426 And then if they happen to get to the parentheses 456 00:25:27,426 --> 00:25:31,363 with the actual URL, then that won't be read as a link. 457 00:25:31,363 --> 00:25:35,434 So they'll know that where this particular set of words goes, 458 00:25:35,434 --> 00:25:38,370 they have it in human, readable terms. 459 00:25:38,370 --> 00:25:40,606 So let's look at the document. 460 00:25:40,606 --> 00:25:45,711 We have here -- this is the list of 461 00:25:45,711 --> 00:25:48,881 the top five breeds for families. 462 00:25:48,881 --> 00:25:52,484 And it says, 'Source: Associated Content.' 463 00:25:52,484 --> 00:25:55,854 Then it gives this great big link here -- 464 00:25:55,854 --> 00:25:57,523 you know, I'm not going to read it out. 465 00:25:57,523 --> 00:25:58,190 It's ugly. 466 00:25:58,190 --> 00:26:01,126 It has slashes and colons and underscores and numbers, 467 00:26:01,126 --> 00:26:07,399 and just imagine this being read out loud by the screen reader -- 468 00:26:07,399 --> 00:26:11,103 and it would be really annoying. 469 00:26:11,103 --> 00:26:14,306 And you might or might not have been paying attention 470 00:26:14,306 --> 00:26:16,575 by the time it gets to the end, and you hear the, 471 00:26:16,575 --> 00:26:19,244 "top, underscore five, underscore dogs, 472 00:26:19,244 --> 00:26:21,213 underscore breed, underscore four", 473 00:26:21,213 --> 00:26:25,451 you get the idea. It would just be annoying. 474 00:26:25,451 --> 00:26:28,020 But what we're going to do, is, we're going to 475 00:26:28,020 --> 00:26:32,224 highlight all the text and I'm going to copy it, 476 00:26:32,224 --> 00:26:34,326 and we're going to paste it in. 477 00:26:34,326 --> 00:26:38,263 This is the actual link, the Associated Content. 478 00:26:38,263 --> 00:26:44,636 We're going to go up here to our button called hyperlink, 479 00:26:44,636 --> 00:26:46,472 and notice it says text to display. 480 00:26:46,472 --> 00:26:49,041 This is the text that's going to be on the screen, 481 00:26:49,041 --> 00:26:52,878 and the actual URL appears down here. 482 00:26:52,878 --> 00:26:55,414 So we're going to paste it in. 483 00:26:55,414 --> 00:26:56,982 We're going to say, okay. 484 00:26:56,982 --> 00:26:59,751 Notice that our link automatically shows up 485 00:26:59,751 --> 00:27:03,021 blue and underlined, thank you very much, very pretty. 486 00:27:03,021 --> 00:27:05,624 People know immediately that that's a link, 487 00:27:05,624 --> 00:27:10,262 and then we will put the parentheses around this 488 00:27:10,262 --> 00:27:13,265 so that when they print out the document, it actually 489 00:27:13,265 --> 00:27:14,666 shows up on the paper, 490 00:27:14,666 --> 00:27:17,236 so if they have to type it out, they can do that, because, 491 00:27:17,236 --> 00:27:23,075 unfortunately, you can't click a link on a piece of paper. 492 00:27:23,075 --> 00:27:25,878 Let me give you another example, here. 493 00:27:25,878 --> 00:27:27,779 Here's another one. 494 00:27:27,779 --> 00:27:32,651 Oh, this is, you know -- I'm not sure what a 'dog reg stats' is. 495 00:27:32,651 --> 00:27:34,953 And that would have underscores in it, too. 496 00:27:34,953 --> 00:27:37,222 Not much fun to read. 497 00:27:37,222 --> 00:27:39,124 So we're going to select this text, 498 00:27:39,124 --> 00:27:42,160 and notice that it is blue and underlined, 499 00:27:42,160 --> 00:27:46,398 so we're going to not make that a link. 500 00:27:46,398 --> 00:27:48,400 I'm going to say remove the hyperlink. 501 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:51,803 I right‑clicked on the link and say remove the hyperlink. 502 00:27:51,803 --> 00:27:55,307 Source is the American Kennel Club. 503 00:27:55,307 --> 00:28:00,979 I'm going to select those words, right‑click, and say hyperlink. 504 00:28:00,979 --> 00:28:03,382 So notice that we've done it two ways now. 505 00:28:03,382 --> 00:28:07,452 We did the hyperlink button, up here on the toolbar, 506 00:28:07,452 --> 00:28:11,490 and we have done the right‑click and chosen hyperlink 507 00:28:11,490 --> 00:28:13,358 for selected text. 508 00:28:13,358 --> 00:28:16,895 It still says American Kennel Club up here at the top. 509 00:28:16,895 --> 00:28:21,934 Down here in the address bar, we're going to hit control V, 510 00:28:21,934 --> 00:28:26,505 paste in the American Kennel Club down there, say okay. 511 00:28:26,505 --> 00:28:29,875 So now the American Kennel Club is the link and that's what will 512 00:28:29,875 --> 00:28:34,446 be read, and then all of this goop out here 513 00:28:34,446 --> 00:28:38,116 at the end, which is the actual address, 514 00:28:38,116 --> 00:28:41,954 is just in the parentheses. 515 00:28:41,954 --> 00:28:45,791 So when you print out the document, it will be -- 516 00:28:45,791 --> 00:28:48,727 you can read it and type it in if you want. 517 00:28:48,727 --> 00:28:52,564 The other thing people sometimes do is 518 00:28:52,564 --> 00:28:56,034 remove the H-T-T-P, colon, slash, slash, at the beginning. 519 00:28:56,034 --> 00:29:02,474 It doesn't do anything and most browsers add that in anyway. 520 00:29:02,474 --> 00:29:07,813 So as an additional 'make it easier to read for people,' 521 00:29:07,813 --> 00:29:14,186 if they want to type in the address, you could do that. 522 00:29:14,186 --> 00:29:16,688 And that's all there is to it for making a 523 00:29:16,688 --> 00:29:18,490 meaningful hyperlink. 524 00:29:18,490 --> 00:29:21,493 >> Jim: Okay, sometimes you might have 525 00:29:21,493 --> 00:29:23,729 hyperlinks that are images. 526 00:29:23,729 --> 00:29:28,433 So I took that paw that we had and moved it up to the 527 00:29:28,433 --> 00:29:30,836 American Kennel Club link. 528 00:29:30,836 --> 00:29:36,341 So the paw is going to become our link, 529 00:29:36,341 --> 00:29:39,811 and we're going to use this web address here, 530 00:29:39,811 --> 00:29:43,782 that 'dog reg stats,' we're going to copy that, 531 00:29:43,782 --> 00:29:48,954 and we're going to click on the paw print picture, 532 00:29:48,954 --> 00:29:52,124 and we're going to right‑click on it, 533 00:29:52,124 --> 00:29:55,160 and down here in the menu it says hyperlink. 534 00:29:55,160 --> 00:29:56,828 I'm going to choose the hyperlink 535 00:29:56,828 --> 00:30:00,732 and the address is going to be that address we had. 536 00:30:00,732 --> 00:30:03,101 Now, notice up top it says text to display. 537 00:30:03,101 --> 00:30:04,236 It doesn't say anything. 538 00:30:04,236 --> 00:30:06,705 It says selection in the document. 539 00:30:06,705 --> 00:30:09,007 That's okay. 540 00:30:09,007 --> 00:30:11,743 So we're going to say okay for that. 541 00:30:11,743 --> 00:30:13,178 So it's now a link. 542 00:30:13,178 --> 00:30:17,182 But remember our description, or our ALT tag for that image 543 00:30:17,182 --> 00:30:19,051 was just a space. 544 00:30:19,051 --> 00:30:20,552 That's not going to work. 545 00:30:20,552 --> 00:30:23,422 So JAWS will tell you that it's a link, but I think 546 00:30:23,422 --> 00:30:27,159 we need to do this American Kennel Club, here. 547 00:30:27,159 --> 00:30:34,032 Let's just delete that and we'll highlight our picture again, 548 00:30:34,032 --> 00:30:39,538 and we'll go to Format the Picture. 549 00:30:39,538 --> 00:30:44,242 We'll go down to the ALT Text, and here we will just put in -- 550 00:30:44,242 --> 00:30:49,448 we'll delete that space, and put in American Kennel Club. 551 00:30:49,448 --> 00:30:50,148 Close. 552 00:30:50,148 --> 00:30:54,352 Then we'll do our same thing with our parentheses here. 553 00:30:54,352 --> 00:30:57,456 Delete, delete, delete, delete. 554 00:30:57,456 --> 00:31:02,094 And then down at the end. 555 00:31:02,094 --> 00:31:03,028 Where is it? 556 00:31:03,028 --> 00:31:05,330 There. 557 00:31:05,330 --> 00:31:09,668 And now, we have this as a link, and we know that 558 00:31:09,668 --> 00:31:15,307 because the cursor has changed and we see our little U-R-L that 559 00:31:15,307 --> 00:31:19,511 pops up by the paw, and we have it printed out 560 00:31:19,511 --> 00:31:21,546 so that if they did click on that, 561 00:31:21,546 --> 00:31:23,482 it would go to the American Kennel Club. 562 00:31:23,482 --> 00:31:27,252 We probably should go change that 563 00:31:27,252 --> 00:31:31,623 to put a frame around it and make it blue and underlined 564 00:31:31,623 --> 00:31:34,459 or something so that they -- or blue, put a blue line 565 00:31:34,459 --> 00:31:42,601 around it so they know it was a -- a link. 566 00:31:42,601 --> 00:31:44,569 Let's do a blue line. 567 00:31:44,569 --> 00:31:45,604 Okay. 568 00:31:45,604 --> 00:31:46,571 Close. 569 00:31:46,571 --> 00:31:48,406 There. 570 00:31:48,406 --> 00:31:52,010 So, hopefully, they would know that, and the screen reader 571 00:31:52,010 --> 00:31:53,745 would pick up the link automatically and 572 00:31:53,745 --> 00:31:56,481 it would say link, American Kennel Club. 573 00:31:56,481 --> 00:31:58,250 All‑righty. 574 00:31:58,250 --> 00:32:02,754 So the next thing is tables. 575 00:32:02,754 --> 00:32:06,792 And we will watch a short video on tables, and then I'll be back 576 00:32:06,792 --> 00:32:09,060 for that, and then we have one more thing to cover, 577 00:32:09,060 --> 00:32:11,129 and then we'll take some questions. 578 00:32:11,129 --> 00:32:15,133 >> Jim: Tables are structures that allow you to present 579 00:32:15,133 --> 00:32:19,171 tabular information in a meaningful way. 580 00:32:19,171 --> 00:32:24,376 We can see in the document here, we have a table that -- 581 00:32:24,376 --> 00:32:28,647 well, this looks like a table, but it's not really a table, 582 00:32:28,647 --> 00:32:36,087 because we can't go -- down through the information 583 00:32:36,087 --> 00:32:37,389 with a screen reader. 584 00:32:37,389 --> 00:32:40,425 If I hit down arrow, it's going to read the whole line -- 585 00:32:40,425 --> 00:32:43,528 and that's not going to work. 586 00:32:43,528 --> 00:32:46,798 We want to be able to read cell by cell and know that -- 587 00:32:46,798 --> 00:32:49,801 which things are associated with which things. 588 00:32:49,801 --> 00:32:52,037 We do that with a table. 589 00:32:52,037 --> 00:32:55,207 Now, this is a set of tabs through everything 590 00:32:55,207 --> 00:33:00,212 that are used to, you know, 591 00:33:00,212 --> 00:33:02,681 at least put the information in something that looks 592 00:33:02,681 --> 00:33:04,783 like columns, but they're really not columns, 593 00:33:04,783 --> 00:33:07,018 they're just tab marks. 594 00:33:07,018 --> 00:33:13,091 We can convert this into a table very quickly with Word, 595 00:33:13,091 --> 00:33:17,062 by highlighting the table. 596 00:33:17,062 --> 00:33:20,899 And we go up here to the button that says Text to Table. 597 00:33:20,899 --> 00:33:24,936 This converts text into a table. 598 00:33:24,936 --> 00:33:27,939 And it says automatically. 599 00:33:27,939 --> 00:33:29,374 It says, 'Oh, looks like you have a bunch of tabs. 600 00:33:29,374 --> 00:33:32,244 How about we do this in three columns?' 601 00:33:32,244 --> 00:33:34,512 Well, that looks about right to me. 602 00:33:34,512 --> 00:33:38,717 Looks like there's three columns there and 11 rows. 603 00:33:38,717 --> 00:33:42,487 That works for me, too. 604 00:33:42,487 --> 00:33:47,792 And we're going to separate the text at the tabs. 605 00:33:47,792 --> 00:33:49,427 That's not a bad thing, either. 606 00:33:49,427 --> 00:33:52,597 We've got tabs between every single column, 607 00:33:52,597 --> 00:33:56,434 so that should split it out quite nicely. 608 00:33:56,434 --> 00:34:01,039 So as soon as we hit okay, it converted our table, 609 00:34:01,039 --> 00:34:03,541 or all those tabs, into tables. 610 00:34:03,541 --> 00:34:07,312 It put the lines in for us so we don't have to copy and paste, 611 00:34:07,312 --> 00:34:12,751 and structured the information, made it really nice. 612 00:34:12,751 --> 00:34:16,821 So the thing we need to do is make this top row here, 613 00:34:16,821 --> 00:34:20,692 we'll probably make that bold. 614 00:34:20,692 --> 00:34:25,196 I'm going to hit a control B, make those bold so that they're 615 00:34:25,196 --> 00:34:28,600 -- they look like they're headers. 616 00:34:28,600 --> 00:34:32,737 I'm also going to select this first row and make sure that 617 00:34:32,737 --> 00:34:36,207 this check box up here is checked that says Header Row. 618 00:34:36,207 --> 00:34:39,110 Display special formatting features for the first row 619 00:34:39,110 --> 00:34:41,046 of the table. 620 00:34:41,046 --> 00:34:42,614 All right. 621 00:34:42,614 --> 00:34:45,717 Now, notice also that the table tools came up. 622 00:34:45,717 --> 00:34:48,520 This is a special set of tools that only shows up 623 00:34:48,520 --> 00:34:50,555 when there is a table. 624 00:34:50,555 --> 00:34:53,992 You won't see it any other time, unless your cursor 625 00:34:53,992 --> 00:34:57,562 is inside a table. 626 00:34:57,562 --> 00:35:00,699 So that's how we get to the Header Row. 627 00:35:00,699 --> 00:35:04,769 There's an important thing we need to do for the layout. 628 00:35:04,769 --> 00:35:09,774 That's this button over here that says Repeat Header Rows. 629 00:35:09,774 --> 00:35:13,411 This repeats the header row on the top of every page, 630 00:35:13,411 --> 00:35:16,948 so if there's a page break in the middle of your table, 631 00:35:16,948 --> 00:35:21,953 the header rows will repeat themselves on the new page. 632 00:35:21,953 --> 00:35:24,055 Makes keeping track of where you are 633 00:35:24,055 --> 00:35:27,425 and what's going on in the table very nice. 634 00:35:27,425 --> 00:35:30,095 And it saves you the work, because it does it for you 635 00:35:30,095 --> 00:35:31,029 automatically. 636 00:35:31,029 --> 00:35:33,298 That's the nice thing about a lot of these tools, 637 00:35:33,298 --> 00:35:35,900 is they do things for you automatically, and help you 638 00:35:35,900 --> 00:35:39,337 structure the information in an accessible way, 639 00:35:39,337 --> 00:35:43,341 that also converts it when you, when you convert into braille, 640 00:35:43,341 --> 00:35:46,311 it also helps you that way. 641 00:35:46,311 --> 00:35:48,279 One of the other things we need to do 642 00:35:48,279 --> 00:35:53,118 is adjust the spacing of the cells in the table, 643 00:35:53,118 --> 00:35:57,722 because sometimes these -- information in the table cell 644 00:35:57,722 --> 00:36:03,395 gets scrunched up so that you can't see the text 645 00:36:03,395 --> 00:36:07,065 because of the boundaries on the cell. 646 00:36:07,065 --> 00:36:12,303 So we're going to change the cell margins to be 647 00:36:12,303 --> 00:36:16,374 one‑tenth of an inch, to give us a little more room 648 00:36:16,374 --> 00:36:22,414 all around the edge of the table cell, 649 00:36:22,414 --> 00:36:30,755 so that the actual content... 650 00:36:30,755 --> 00:36:34,259 So what this did is, I increased it to one‑tenth of an inch 651 00:36:34,259 --> 00:36:38,163 so we have extra space between the actual characters 652 00:36:38,163 --> 00:36:41,800 and the lines on the page. 653 00:36:41,800 --> 00:36:44,969 Now, look -- some of these are pretty close to the top, 654 00:36:44,969 --> 00:36:47,572 and for some people, that might be difficult to read. 655 00:36:47,572 --> 00:36:51,142 So maybe we want to do those also. 656 00:36:51,142 --> 00:36:57,515 Let's go in and add some extra information, let's say 657 00:36:57,515 --> 00:37:00,618 on the top, default cell margin, we're going to say, 658 00:37:00,618 --> 00:37:05,323 .1‑inch there also. And notice the text 659 00:37:05,323 --> 00:37:07,892 automatically dropped down as soon as I did that. 660 00:37:07,892 --> 00:37:09,727 You saw that on the screen. 661 00:37:09,727 --> 00:37:14,766 So now when we look, we have some nice space 662 00:37:14,766 --> 00:37:19,370 all around our text, within the boundaries of our cell. 663 00:37:19,370 --> 00:37:21,506 That makes it a lot easier to read. 664 00:37:21,506 --> 00:37:25,243 I'm going to go back and erase all of those so you can see how 665 00:37:25,243 --> 00:37:28,346 they looked when they were all scrunched up, 666 00:37:28,346 --> 00:37:33,384 and see if this actually is a useful thing. 667 00:37:33,384 --> 00:37:40,058 I try and do it, because it makes it easier for me to read. 668 00:37:40,058 --> 00:37:43,394 Let's just put in a zero there, and we'll put in a zero 669 00:37:43,394 --> 00:37:46,498 over here and a zero over here. 670 00:37:46,498 --> 00:37:47,565 So when I say, okay, 671 00:37:47,565 --> 00:37:55,173 everything should jump much closer together. 672 00:37:55,173 --> 00:37:58,743 And we see that our numbers are right up against the edge 673 00:37:58,743 --> 00:38:03,381 of the lines on the top and the left edge. 674 00:38:03,381 --> 00:38:07,485 That's really hard to read for most people. 675 00:38:07,485 --> 00:38:09,220 This table is just sitting here. 676 00:38:09,220 --> 00:38:12,690 It just says rank, breed, and 2006 count. 677 00:38:12,690 --> 00:38:14,392 What does that mean? 678 00:38:14,392 --> 00:38:16,628 What does this table apply to? 679 00:38:16,628 --> 00:38:20,031 Well, this table needs a title to it. 680 00:38:20,031 --> 00:38:23,134 Actually, in Word, they call it a caption. 681 00:38:23,134 --> 00:38:25,637 So let's add a caption to this table, 682 00:38:25,637 --> 00:38:28,740 and this is in the section called 683 00:38:28,740 --> 00:38:31,276 Ten Most Popular Breeds in the U.S. 684 00:38:31,276 --> 00:38:35,580 So we're going to copy those words, 685 00:38:35,580 --> 00:38:37,348 because even though that's the section, 686 00:38:37,348 --> 00:38:39,784 and we've got the five best ones for the family 687 00:38:39,784 --> 00:38:41,853 and the picture of the dog, we're going to 688 00:38:41,853 --> 00:38:45,557 give this table a caption. 689 00:38:45,557 --> 00:38:46,991 We can do that several ways. 690 00:38:46,991 --> 00:38:50,428 We could go under, you know, select the whole table 691 00:38:50,428 --> 00:38:54,532 and go to insert a caption, down here, 692 00:38:54,532 --> 00:39:01,472 or we have a button in our toolbar up here 693 00:39:01,472 --> 00:39:06,277 that says insert a caption for the table. 694 00:39:06,277 --> 00:39:11,316 So we're going to do it this way, insert a caption. 695 00:39:11,316 --> 00:39:13,918 Figure 2. 696 00:39:13,918 --> 00:39:18,556 I'm going to put a colon in there. 697 00:39:18,556 --> 00:39:21,526 10 Most Popular Breeds in the U.S. 698 00:39:21,526 --> 00:39:25,563 And actually, I'm going to change this to a table, 699 00:39:25,563 --> 00:39:28,433 because it's not a figure, it's a table, 700 00:39:28,433 --> 00:39:30,535 and notice that Word thoughtfully said, wait, 701 00:39:30,535 --> 00:39:35,740 this isn't the second table, this is only the first table. 702 00:39:35,740 --> 00:39:38,276 So that does it nicely and it's going to 703 00:39:38,276 --> 00:39:41,045 put the title above the table, which is where 704 00:39:41,045 --> 00:39:43,514 most people look for titles of tables. 705 00:39:43,514 --> 00:39:45,250 They don't look for them on the bottom. 706 00:39:45,250 --> 00:39:47,352 They look for captions for pictures on the bottom, 707 00:39:47,352 --> 00:39:50,121 but titles for tables, you generally want to have 708 00:39:50,121 --> 00:39:52,724 on the top. 709 00:39:52,724 --> 00:39:55,760 And so now we have a nice table. 710 00:39:55,760 --> 00:39:58,529 And it's labeled, and you can tell people, 711 00:39:58,529 --> 00:40:01,266 when you're doing a presentation or whatever, you can say, 712 00:40:01,266 --> 00:40:04,535 go to table 3, and they can quickly find it, 713 00:40:04,535 --> 00:40:06,838 because it automatically numbers them for you 714 00:40:06,838 --> 00:40:08,406 and it says it was a table, 715 00:40:08,406 --> 00:40:10,875 which is separate from a figure, and all of this 716 00:40:10,875 --> 00:40:13,278 will show up in braille also, which makes it 717 00:40:13,278 --> 00:40:15,513 easier to find that way. 718 00:40:15,513 --> 00:40:16,347 >> Jim: Okay. 719 00:40:16,347 --> 00:40:17,348 And we're back. 720 00:40:17,348 --> 00:40:23,054 And I left out one step about the table headers 721 00:40:23,054 --> 00:40:25,657 and breaking across pages. 722 00:40:25,657 --> 00:40:31,396 So one of the things we need to do is select the whole table. 723 00:40:31,396 --> 00:40:34,198 We're going to go to properties, so I right‑clicked, 724 00:40:34,198 --> 00:40:37,769 go to Table Properties, and we're going to 725 00:40:37,769 --> 00:40:41,472 go to the Row tab, and there's a little button 726 00:40:41,472 --> 00:40:42,940 or a little check box here that says, 727 00:40:42,940 --> 00:40:46,678 "Repeat as header row at top of each page." 728 00:40:46,678 --> 00:40:49,147 We want to make sure that that is checked, 729 00:40:49,147 --> 00:40:52,517 and we are going to say, okay. 730 00:40:52,517 --> 00:40:58,456 And we're going to go back to our table, 731 00:40:58,456 --> 00:41:02,193 and I'm going to go to the design part, 732 00:41:02,193 --> 00:41:05,663 and scroll down a little bit over here, 733 00:41:05,663 --> 00:41:07,332 and let's just say this one. 734 00:41:07,332 --> 00:41:09,200 That looks like a nice formatting, so we know that 735 00:41:09,200 --> 00:41:13,538 that's a table header, and we mark that it needs 736 00:41:13,538 --> 00:41:16,074 to break across page boundaries. 737 00:41:16,074 --> 00:41:18,676 So we're almost at the edge of a page here. 738 00:41:18,676 --> 00:41:20,878 So I'm going to just pretend that we had a whole bunch of 739 00:41:20,878 --> 00:41:24,816 extra text and I'm going to hit return about four times. 740 00:41:24,816 --> 00:41:30,355 So now our table should break across -- and it didn't work 741 00:41:30,355 --> 00:41:31,823 again! 742 00:41:31,823 --> 00:41:33,057 This really works! 743 00:41:33,057 --> 00:41:38,463 I just did it, right before the presentation and tested it. 744 00:41:38,463 --> 00:41:42,333 I love when this happens. 745 00:41:42,333 --> 00:41:43,101 Oh, here we go. 746 00:41:43,101 --> 00:41:45,336 Repeat as header row at the top of each page. 747 00:41:45,336 --> 00:41:46,838 There's a nice check box. 748 00:41:46,838 --> 00:41:48,940 Okay. 749 00:41:48,940 --> 00:41:52,009 And what have we got here? 750 00:41:52,009 --> 00:41:56,647 Still didn't work! 751 00:41:56,647 --> 00:42:03,254 Let's -- highlight this row. 752 00:42:03,254 --> 00:42:07,725 And now we're going to go to -- nope. 753 00:42:07,725 --> 00:42:11,729 I'm going to highlight this row. 754 00:42:11,729 --> 00:42:13,831 I'm going to go to properties. 755 00:42:13,831 --> 00:42:21,005 Repeat as a header row at the top of each page for the row, 756 00:42:21,005 --> 00:42:24,409 and we're going to say, okay. 757 00:42:24,409 --> 00:42:29,914 And I'm going to cross my fingers and it's not working. 758 00:42:29,914 --> 00:42:32,216 So I've completely messed it up. 759 00:42:32,216 --> 00:42:34,485 But in the -- after the next video 760 00:42:34,485 --> 00:42:36,854 where we look at things that we're supposed to avoid, 761 00:42:36,854 --> 00:42:39,624 I'll have this fixed and I'll show you what 762 00:42:39,624 --> 00:42:41,025 it is you're supposed to do, 763 00:42:41,025 --> 00:42:42,593 because I gave you the right steps, 764 00:42:42,593 --> 00:42:44,162 my computer is just misbehaving, 765 00:42:44,162 --> 00:42:46,597 because it knows I'm in a webinar. 766 00:42:46,597 --> 00:42:51,702 So let's watch the things to avoid in Word. 767 00:42:51,702 --> 00:42:54,338 >> Jim: So, there's one last thing to think about 768 00:42:54,338 --> 00:42:57,208 for accessible documents, especially in Word, is 769 00:42:57,208 --> 00:43:00,044 'things that you don't want to do.' 770 00:43:00,044 --> 00:43:02,046 These are things you should avoid. 771 00:43:02,046 --> 00:43:06,451 And generally, if you look down on your handout, down 772 00:43:06,451 --> 00:43:09,587 at the very bottom of the list, it says 'floating' things. 773 00:43:09,587 --> 00:43:11,923 Most of the things we're going to talk about, 774 00:43:11,923 --> 00:43:13,624 that are things to avoid, are things that float 775 00:43:13,624 --> 00:43:18,262 or things that appear in a text box. 776 00:43:18,262 --> 00:43:19,897 We're going to look at some of those 777 00:43:19,897 --> 00:43:21,933 and I'm going to show you them, and these are places 778 00:43:21,933 --> 00:43:24,936 you don't want to go, because it's not 779 00:43:24,936 --> 00:43:26,804 going to make your document accessible. 780 00:43:26,804 --> 00:43:27,672 All right. 781 00:43:27,672 --> 00:43:29,440 Let's look at these. 782 00:43:29,440 --> 00:43:33,478 The first place we're going to go is the Insert, 783 00:43:33,478 --> 00:43:36,414 and the things you want to avoid are most of these 784 00:43:36,414 --> 00:43:39,684 over here in the text section. 785 00:43:39,684 --> 00:43:41,419 We have a text box. 786 00:43:41,419 --> 00:43:44,755 So a text box says, I'm going to just create 787 00:43:44,755 --> 00:43:54,932 a chunk of information -- and I want a simple text box, 788 00:43:54,932 --> 00:43:58,569 and it just puts a bunch of text in a box. 789 00:43:58,569 --> 00:44:00,438 And you can put a quote from the document 790 00:44:00,438 --> 00:44:02,640 or whatever you want in there. 791 00:44:02,640 --> 00:44:05,977 The thing is, is that JAWS will just skip right by it. 792 00:44:05,977 --> 00:44:08,279 The cursor will never see that box. 793 00:44:08,279 --> 00:44:10,014 It doesn't go into it. 794 00:44:10,014 --> 00:44:13,384 Anything you put in there is essentially hidden from JAWS. 795 00:44:13,384 --> 00:44:15,753 It just doesn't exist. 796 00:44:15,753 --> 00:44:19,857 If you do it in braille, it will probably -- well, 797 00:44:19,857 --> 00:44:23,094 actually, it might disappear. 798 00:44:23,094 --> 00:44:26,964 When you convert it in Word, when you convert it to HTML, 799 00:44:26,964 --> 00:44:30,635 it actually makes a picture out of a box, so 800 00:44:30,635 --> 00:44:31,769 there's no text there, 801 00:44:31,769 --> 00:44:34,705 it just gives you a picture of the words that were in the box, 802 00:44:34,705 --> 00:44:37,708 and then you have to create the ALT text. 803 00:44:37,708 --> 00:44:42,947 So that's -- the first one is the text box. 804 00:44:42,947 --> 00:44:46,417 The next one is QuickParts. 805 00:44:46,417 --> 00:44:49,020 You can add different parts of things. 806 00:44:49,020 --> 00:44:54,926 It creates information and it puts it inside of a text box -- 807 00:44:54,926 --> 00:44:57,461 not a good thing. 808 00:44:57,461 --> 00:45:00,331 Now, there's some places where you will read that you can 809 00:45:00,331 --> 00:45:04,802 add TextArt to -- a document. 810 00:45:04,802 --> 00:45:08,005 Let me show you what WordArt is. 811 00:45:08,005 --> 00:45:11,943 So I can add -- you know, I want to do something fancy 812 00:45:11,943 --> 00:45:22,887 for my heading, a fancy heading, and this is what it looks like. 813 00:45:22,887 --> 00:45:25,189 First of all, you can't read it. 814 00:45:25,189 --> 00:45:30,161 But you could adjust it and make the shadows and the outlines and 815 00:45:30,161 --> 00:45:32,763 all that sort of stuff readable, but the thing is, 816 00:45:32,763 --> 00:45:37,134 it's done in a text box, and JAWS pretty much 817 00:45:37,134 --> 00:45:39,470 skips right over it, and they'll never see it. 818 00:45:39,470 --> 00:45:43,474 So if you put anything important in there, not going to happen. 819 00:45:43,474 --> 00:45:47,411 So another thing people sometimes like to do 820 00:45:47,411 --> 00:45:56,654 is create a -- drop cap, just because it looks fancy. 821 00:45:56,654 --> 00:45:57,755 There. 822 00:45:57,755 --> 00:46:00,257 Notice that it's in a text box. 823 00:46:00,257 --> 00:46:03,527 So when JAWS is reading along, it's just going to say, 824 00:46:03,527 --> 00:46:06,330 'ccording' to the American Kennel Club, 825 00:46:06,330 --> 00:46:11,769 they'll never see that A, because it's not there. 826 00:46:11,769 --> 00:46:17,041 The last thing we want to watch out for is over here 827 00:46:17,041 --> 00:46:18,509 in the page layout section. 828 00:46:18,509 --> 00:46:22,079 Sometimes people put water marks on their document, you know, 829 00:46:22,079 --> 00:46:25,616 like they'll say, 'Confidential' or they'll say, 'Draft' 830 00:46:25,616 --> 00:46:27,018 or something like that. 831 00:46:27,018 --> 00:46:30,187 This is invisible to screen readers, plus, 832 00:46:30,187 --> 00:46:34,458 it's in such a pale font, I mean, you could 833 00:46:34,458 --> 00:46:37,895 change the color, but it's very difficult to read, 834 00:46:37,895 --> 00:46:42,933 and for other people with low vision, this information, 835 00:46:42,933 --> 00:46:46,337 here, where the text overlaps, 836 00:46:46,337 --> 00:46:49,273 the watermark is very difficult to read. 837 00:46:49,273 --> 00:46:53,444 If you have to put something with a watermark on it, 838 00:46:53,444 --> 00:46:58,382 then I would suggest you put across the top of the document, 839 00:46:58,382 --> 00:47:04,021 you just say 'Draft.' And you might just repeat that 840 00:47:04,021 --> 00:47:07,491 three or four times, right across the 841 00:47:07,491 --> 00:47:17,601 top of the document. 842 00:47:17,601 --> 00:47:20,071 Then, for sure, they won't miss it. 843 00:47:20,071 --> 00:47:22,973 It's in plain text, available to everybody, 844 00:47:22,973 --> 00:47:25,609 and it doesn't interfere with the reading 845 00:47:25,609 --> 00:47:29,880 of anything else that anybody else might have for print. 846 00:47:29,880 --> 00:47:33,851 And chances of it coming out in braille are -- 847 00:47:33,851 --> 00:47:36,854 if you put it in plain text on the top of the document, 848 00:47:36,854 --> 00:47:38,789 it will come out in braille. 849 00:47:38,789 --> 00:47:40,958 I think the chances of it, I haven't tested it -- 850 00:47:40,958 --> 00:47:45,196 but I think the watermark would not show up in the braille. 851 00:47:45,196 --> 00:47:50,101 And it probably won't show up if you convert it to HTML. 852 00:47:50,101 --> 00:47:54,338 It might if you converted it to P-D-F, but chances of it 853 00:47:54,338 --> 00:47:57,441 showing up as an image are pretty high. 854 00:47:57,441 --> 00:47:58,175 Okay? 855 00:47:58,175 --> 00:48:00,344 So that's it for things to avoid. 856 00:48:00,344 --> 00:48:06,484 Avoid all those floaty things, such as text boxes, QuickParts, 857 00:48:06,484 --> 00:48:13,491 WordArt, Drop Caps, and the wonderful Watermark. 858 00:48:13,491 --> 00:48:14,625 >> Jim: Okay. 859 00:48:14,625 --> 00:48:17,461 We're back and I've got my table working. 860 00:48:17,461 --> 00:48:20,498 I just had to calm down a little bit. 861 00:48:20,498 --> 00:48:23,634 So, what we need to do is, we've got the same table, 862 00:48:23,634 --> 00:48:24,769 we've got it highlighted. 863 00:48:24,769 --> 00:48:28,639 We highlight the row, and we go up to properties, 864 00:48:28,639 --> 00:48:35,412 and we say: Repeat as a header row across the top of each page. 865 00:48:35,412 --> 00:48:36,781 We're going to click on that. 866 00:48:36,781 --> 00:48:38,649 We're going to say, okay. 867 00:48:38,649 --> 00:48:43,354 And now I'm going to hit the carriage return a couple 868 00:48:43,354 --> 00:48:45,723 or three times, and we split our table 869 00:48:45,723 --> 00:48:48,692 across the page, and voilà! 870 00:48:48,692 --> 00:48:50,027 I feel so much better. 871 00:48:50,027 --> 00:48:54,565 We have the header row on the top of the next page. 872 00:48:54,565 --> 00:48:57,802 So, if the table shifts, it's always there, you can 873 00:48:57,802 --> 00:48:59,937 always keep track of where your headers are. 874 00:48:59,937 --> 00:49:02,573 One other thing that might not have been clear 875 00:49:02,573 --> 00:49:04,675 is the floaty things. 876 00:49:04,675 --> 00:49:07,912 So this dog is 'in line.' 877 00:49:07,912 --> 00:49:14,919 We're going to go to picture tools, and I'm going to say -- 878 00:49:14,919 --> 00:49:17,521 we're going to position it. 879 00:49:17,521 --> 00:49:20,057 And right now it's in line with text. 880 00:49:20,057 --> 00:49:23,661 So I'm going to -- I could center it, 881 00:49:23,661 --> 00:49:30,768 but I could just say -- nope. 882 00:49:30,768 --> 00:49:38,609 Cancel that. 883 00:49:38,609 --> 00:49:43,814 Put it on -- oh, come on, Jim. 884 00:49:43,814 --> 00:49:46,717 So we can wrap the text -- we can put it -- there we go -- 885 00:49:46,717 --> 00:49:48,719 in front of the text. 886 00:49:48,719 --> 00:49:52,022 So now, this is truly floating, and this is what 887 00:49:52,022 --> 00:49:55,726 the other text boxes do for the TextArt and stuff. 888 00:49:55,726 --> 00:49:58,295 I can put this picture anywhere I want. 889 00:49:58,295 --> 00:49:59,997 It's on top of the text. 890 00:49:59,997 --> 00:50:02,433 JAWS never sees it. It's not there. 891 00:50:02,433 --> 00:50:04,869 It'll just read the text right along behind it. 892 00:50:04,869 --> 00:50:09,306 So if there was any important image, it would never find it. 893 00:50:09,306 --> 00:50:12,543 So that's it for the presentation. 894 00:50:12,543 --> 00:50:17,915 If there's any questions, I am happy to take them now, 895 00:50:17,915 --> 00:50:21,785 and hopefully this covers what you needed. 896 00:50:21,785 --> 00:50:25,022 This is true, so when you do Word documents, 897 00:50:25,022 --> 00:50:30,361 you can convert it into Braille, you can convert it into HTML, 898 00:50:30,361 --> 00:50:32,363 and the headings and things will come out, 899 00:50:32,363 --> 00:50:34,632 and you can make it into a P-D-F and those headings 900 00:50:34,632 --> 00:50:37,568 and the ALT text and everything else will come out, too. 901 00:50:37,568 --> 00:50:39,570 >> Control Room: Jim, we have a question in the chat about 902 00:50:39,570 --> 00:50:40,771 Headers and Footers. 903 00:50:40,771 --> 00:50:41,338 >> Jim: Yeah. 904 00:50:41,338 --> 00:50:43,941 >> Control Room: How do screen readers handle those 905 00:50:43,941 --> 00:50:46,944 and what happens to them when translated into braille? 906 00:50:46,944 --> 00:50:53,150 >> Jim: Generally, JAWS does not read headers and footers, and -- 907 00:50:53,150 --> 00:50:56,754 there's ways you can get it -- so you don't want to really be 908 00:50:56,754 --> 00:50:59,890 putting important information in the headers and footers. 909 00:50:59,890 --> 00:51:04,628 Usually it's the -- you know, document title 910 00:51:04,628 --> 00:51:08,299 and the page numbers. 911 00:51:08,299 --> 00:51:12,202 The braille, I honestly don't remember. 912 00:51:12,202 --> 00:51:15,472 I would check with -- well, you can ask Sue Matson 913 00:51:15,472 --> 00:51:17,708 at the school or you can check online. 914 00:51:17,708 --> 00:51:20,444 I have just completely forgotten that. 915 00:51:20,444 --> 00:51:25,149 And there's a bunch of resources on the -- in your document. 916 00:51:25,149 --> 00:51:26,750 Those are all links. 917 00:51:26,750 --> 00:51:30,921 And there's some tutorials. 918 00:51:30,921 --> 00:51:34,959 I've covered most of it today, that Microsoft Word cheat sheet, 919 00:51:34,959 --> 00:51:37,594 the third one down, is really quite good, 920 00:51:37,594 --> 00:51:43,500 and the ones from Penn State on image ALT text 921 00:51:43,500 --> 00:51:47,805 talks about putting the ALT text in context 922 00:51:47,805 --> 00:51:52,476 so the image makes sense within what it is 923 00:51:52,476 --> 00:51:54,845 you're looking at. 924 00:51:54,845 --> 00:52:01,852 And if there's no more questions, then -- I'm done. 925 00:52:01,852 --> 00:52:03,887 >> Narrator: Thanks for joining us. 926 00:52:03,887 --> 00:52:05,456 Creating Accessible Documents. 927 00:52:05,456 --> 00:52:08,025 November 3, 2015. 928 00:52:08,025 --> 00:52:10,761 Property of TSBVI Outreach Programs. 929 00:52:10,761 --> 00:00:00,000 Request permission to use content.