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Lynne: The first characteristic we will discuss is color. Color receptors are scattered throughout the brain. Almost all people with CVI have some kind of visual color sense. Some individuals who have CVI have a "favorite" color. This may be a color that they can detect more easily. It may be a typical color used to highlight information, such as red or yellow, but it may be any other color as well. If a child has no preferred color and appears to have a severe visual impairment, a larger number of people have been shown to respond to the color red. So if unsure, offer red. The next highest response rate was to yellow.
Sara: These colors work as a visual anchor, to help a person detect that an object is there. It may be necessary that only a part of an object contains the favorite color, or that the entire object is that color. As this characteristic becomes less interfering, a person can see items that are other colors as well. Patterns may become more visually compelling as vision develops. Materials with high contrast such as black and white are indicated often for students with low vision and ocular visual impairment. For students with CVI, color replaces this principle.
Let's look at the video of Lily, who is presented with several A-P-H swirly mats, one that is red and one that is yellow. You'll notice a totally different response between yellow and red.
[Video Dialog]
Sarah: I'm going from one state to another.
Sarah: Hmm, There we go... Woah....

[Child grunts]
[end Video Dialog]
Lynne: The next two videos address patterns. Children who have moved beyond a single color preference may now be able to detect certain patterns. Stripes are a pattern that the following children found attractive. It is easier for them to see it, therefore they like to look at it. The first child is someone who doesn't look at things that are multi-colored, but he is attracted to the stripey-ness. However, the multiple colors are a little bit too much. So, you'll see him looking and then looking away, and then looking back. He's very drawn to those vertical stripes. Interestingly, he wasn't drawn to horizontal stripes. The second child you're going to see didn't have a strong color preference, but we did find a pattern preference for her. And again, it was stripes. For her, the stripes could be horizontal or vertical or at a wonky angle. You'll see her reaching for them. 
So, let's watch these two examples of a pattern drawing visual attention.
[Video Dialog]
What do you wanna do?
[inaudible]
Brush, brush, brush.
[end Video Dialog]
Lynne: In my research, I came across a study that was done quite a long time ago with World War II veterans who were functionally blind due to head trauma. Researches showed one of the veterans different objects, and asked him if he could tell what color they were. The vet repeatedly insisted he couldn't see anything, but was consistently able to 'guess' the correct color. The researchers named this phenomenon "blind sight," where vision was actually taking place without the person being consciously aware that they were seeing something.
Sara: That is so interesting.